Cytokines Torment associated to COVID-19
Keywords:
Cytokines, Coronavirus, Infection, Coronavirus Infections, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Epidemiology.Abstract
Introduction:COVID-19 is the disease caused by a new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that was identified and characterized in January 2020 in China. This condition is accompanied by an aggressive inflammatory response with a huge liberation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This event is called cytokines torment.
Objective: to describe cytokines torments associated to COVID-19.
Methods: a review of 29 bibliographic references was made, consulting articles from Elsevier, SciELO, ClinicalKey,Pubmed and Google Schoolar were reviewed, through different databases. Markers cytokines; coronavirus; infection; coronavirus infections; severe acute respiratory syndrome and epidemiology were used as descriptors.
Development: all pathological process begins with defects in the T-cells activity and increasing activity of the macrophages and activation of all the immune system because cytokines torments. This potentially deadly affection is presented in patients with COVID-19.
Conclusions:infection for COVID-19 is accompanied by an inflammatory aggressive response with the liberation of a huge amount of proinflammatory cytokines. This is called cytokines torments. This can show up with a variety of symptoms that go from a mild flu to a lifethreading disease.Downloads
References
1. Oliva Marín JE. SARS-CoV-2: origen, estructura, replicación y patogénesis. Alerta [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];3(2):23-31. Disponible en: https://docs.bvsalud.org/biblioref/2020/05/1095641/9619-manuscrito-34080-1-10-20200430.pdf
2. Paules CI, Marston HD, Fauci AS. Coronavirus infections-more than just the common cold. JAMA. [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];323(8):707-8. Disponible en: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2759815
3. Serra Valdés MA. Infección respiratoria aguda por COVID-19: una amenaza evidente. Rev Haban Cienc Méd [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];19(1):1-5. Disponible en: http://www.revhabanera.sld.cu/index.php/rhab/article/download/3171/2454
4. Pérez Abreu MR, Gómez Tejeda JJ, Dieguez Guach RA. Características clínico-epidemiológicas de la COVID-19. Rev Haban Cienc Méd. [Internet]. 2020[citado 02 Dic 2022];19(2):32-54. Disponible en: http://www.revhabanera.sld.cu/index.php/rhab/article/download/3254/2505
5. Guo YR, Cao QD, Hong ZS, Tan YY, Chen SD, Jin HJ, et al. The origin, transmission and clinical theraies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak-an update on the status. Mil Med Res [Internet].2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];7(1):11-21. Disponible en:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7068984/pdf/40779_2020_Article_240.pdf
6. Rabi A, Al Zoubi MS, Kasasbeh GA, Salameh DM, Al-Nasser AD. SARS-CoV-2 and Coronavirus Disease 2019: What We Know So Far.Pathogens [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];9(3):231-45. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7157541/pdf/pathogens-09-00231.pdf
7. World Health Organization. Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection is suspected. [Internet]. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO;2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022]. Disponible en: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/330893/WHO-nCoV-Clinical-2020.3-eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
8. Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Qin Q. Unique epidemiological and clinical features of the emerging 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) implicate special control measures. J Med Virol. [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];92(6):568-76. Disponible en:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7228347/pdf/JMV-92-568.pdf
9. Zhang G, Hu C, Luo L, Fang F, Chen Y, Li J, et al. Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 221 patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. J Clin Virol [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];3(4):1-37. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7194884/pdf/main.pdf
10. Ludvigsson JF. Systematic review of COVID-19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults. Acta Pediatr [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];109(6):1088-95. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7228328/
11. Pang J, Wang MX, Han Ang IY, Xuan Tan SH, Lewis RF, Chen JI, et al. Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review. J Clin Med [Internet].2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];55(3):623-56. Disponible en:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7141113/pdf/jcm-09-00623.pdf
12. Jin YH, Cai L, Cheng ZS, Cheng H, Deng T, Fan YP, et al. A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version). Mil Med Res[Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];7(1):4-27. Disponible en: https://mmrjournal.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40779-020-0233-6.pdf
13. Alhazzani W, Møller MH, Arabi YM, Loeb M, Gong MN, Fan E, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: guidelines on the management of critically ill adults with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Intensive Care Med [Internet].2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];46(5):854-87.Disponible en:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7101866/pdf/134_2020_Article_6022.pdf
14. Ortega García MV. COVID-19: la nueva enfermedad X. Sanid Mil [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];76(1):5-7. Disponible en: https://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/sm/v76n1/1887-8571-sm-76-01-5.pdf
15. Liu K, Chen Y, Lin R, Han K. Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: A comparison with young and middle-aged patients. J Infect [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];80(6):14-8. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7102640/pdf/main.pdf
16. Wu C, Chen X, Cai Y, Xia J, Zhou X, Xu S. Risk Factors Associated with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA Intern Med[Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];6(4):1-10. Disponible en: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2763184
17. Lu R, Zhao X, Li J, Niu P, Yang B, Wu H, et al. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. Lancet[Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];395(3):565-74. Disponible en:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7159086/pdf/main.pdf
18. Zhou P, Yang XL, Wang XG, Hu BN, Zhang L, Zhang W, et al. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature. [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];(579): 270-3. Disponible en: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2012-7
19. Hoffmann M, Kleine Weber H, Schroeder S, Krüger N, Herrler T, Erichsen S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically-proven protease inhibitor. Cell[Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];181(2):271-80. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7102627/pdf/main.pdf
20. Zhao Y, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Ma Y, Zuo W. Single-Cell RNA Expression Profiling of ACE2, the Receptor of SARS-CoV-2. Am J Respir Crit Care Med[Internet]. 2020[citado 02 Dic 2022];202(5):756-9. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7462411/pdf/rccm.202001-0179LE.pdf
21. Guan W, Ni Z, Hu Y, Liang W, Ou C, He J, et al. Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med[Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];382(3):1708-20. Disponible en: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa2002032
22. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];395(3):497-506. Disponible en: https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S0140-6736%2820%2930183-5
23. Diao B, Wang C, Tan Y, Chen X,Liu Y, Ning L, et al. Reduction and functional exhaustion of T cells in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Front Immunol [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];11(827):43-64. Disponible en:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7205903/pdf/fimmu-11-00827.pdf
24. Zhonghua J, He He H, Xi Za Z. Expert consensus on chloroquine phosphate for the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];43(3):185-8. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32164085/
25. Wang M, Cao R, Zhang L, Yang X, Liu J, Xu M, et al. Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019- nCoV) in vitro. Cell Res [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];30(1):269-71. Disponible en: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41422-020-0282-0.pdf
26. Russell CD, Millar JE, Baillie JK. Clinical evidence does not support corticosteroid treatment for 2019-nCoV lung injury. Lancet. [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];395(10223):473-5. Disponible en: https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0140673620303172?token=2897DCC8E029C8C1E0A2CA54B6B85861370A035053A79B1386675138CF9AF1C653D52A91061FB049DEDC244672B1E59A&originRegion=us-east-1&originCreation=20221130152021
27. Chan JF, Kok KH, Zhu Z, Chu KK, Yuan TS, Yuen KY. Genomic
characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan. Emerg. Microb. Infect. [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022]; 9:221-236. Disponible en:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7067204/
28. Cortés ME. Coronavirus como amenaza a la salud pública. Rev méd Chile [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022];148(1):124-6. Disponible en: https://www.scielo.cl/pdf/rmc/v148n1/0717-6163-rmc-148-01-0124.pdf
29. World Health Organization. Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Situation Report 1. [Internet].Geneva, Switzerland: WHO;2020 [citado 02 Dic 2022]. Disponible en: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/330760/nCoVsitrep21Jan2020-eng.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who have publications with this journal agree to the following terms: authors retain their copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication of their work, which is simultaneously subject to the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License that allows third parties to share the work as long as the author and first publication in this journal are indicated, for non-commercial use. Authors may adopt other non-exclusive license agreements for distribution of the published version of the work (e.g., depositing it in an institutional telematic archive or publishing it in a monographic volume) as long as the initial publication in this journal is indicated. Authors are allowed and encouraged to disseminate their work via the Internet (e.g., in institutional telematic archives, in their web page or in Pre-print servers) before and during the submission process, which can lead to interesting exchanges and increase citations of the published work. (See The Open Access Effect).
