Characterization of surgical treatment used in patients with extreme maternal morbidity
Keywords:
Morbilidad, Puerperio, Complicaciones, Cesárea, Histerectomía, Tratamiento.Abstract
Introduction: for many women, pregnancy and childbirth constitute positive experiences, but if they are exposed to risk factors that lead to damage to the health of the mother-fetus pair and are not addressed quickly and effectively, maternal death is possible. Objective: to characterize the surgical treatment used in patients with extreme maternal morbidity. Method: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study was carried out on the surgical treatment of patients with extreme maternal morbidity between the years 2018 and 2020 at the Fe del Valle Ramos Hospital in Manzanillo, Granma. This group included 70 patients who required admission to the intensive care unit for emergency surgical treatment. Due to the need for the study, 100 % of the patients were studied. Results: due to fetal risk, 20 % of patients required cesarean section and the majority of cesarean sections were classified as contaminated (37,1 %) based on postoperative classification. Puerperal endometritis was the most common event (47,1 %) and was treated with definitive surgical treatment, with obstetric hysterectomy being the most common (71,7 %). Conclusions: in patients with extreme maternal morbidity, the risk of loss of fetal well-being is the main indication for cesarean section. Puerperal endometritis and obstetric hemorrhage are the main causes of this affections. Hysterectomy is the procedure of choice to treat complications associated with this.
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