Risk factors associated with low birth weight newborns in adolescent mother. Case-control study

Abstract

Introduction: according to the World Health Organization, approximately 15% of all newborns in the
world have low birth weight. Due to the significant increase in these births at the Fe del Valle Ramos
Gynecobstetric Hospital, we decided to carry out this research to find out what factors are related
to this condition. Objective: to determine the behavior of factors associated with low birth weight
newborns born to adolescent mothers. Method: a prospective, analytical, observational, case-control
study was carried out to determine the factors associated with low birth weight newborns born to
adolescent mothers with a sample of 212 low birth weight newborns during the year 2023, at the Fe
del Valle Ramos Hospital in Granma. Results: It was observed that 59.8% of the cases and 37.7% of
the controls had a dystocic delivery, which increases the risk of mortality for both the fetus and the
adolescent mother due to the surgical intervention to which they are subjected; on the other hand,
there is a higher percentage of euthyroid delivery in the control groups, up to 68.3%. Conclusions:
Insufficient weight gain and anemia were found to be statistically more significant in low birth weight
newborns of adolescent girls.