Clinical-epidemiological characterization of patients diagnosed with Acute Myocardial Infarction. Abel Santamaría General Hospital
Keywords:
Acute myocardial infarction, risk factor's, diagnosis, Atherosclerosis, Coronary Artery Disease, IschemiaAbstract
Introduction: acute myocardial infarction implies cardiac cell death due to ischemia due to an imbalance of perfusion-demand, constituting this disease one of the main causes of death in Cuba and in the world.
Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically the patients admitted with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in the Coronary Intensive Care Unit of the Abel Santamaría General Hospital. 2019.
Method: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in 70 patients admitted with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, using the entire universe in the study. The data were obtained from the medical records, the variables were: age, sex, topography of the lesion, risk factors, clinical picture and hospital stay. Descriptive statistical methods were used with tables of distribution of absolute and relative frequencies.
Results: there was a predominance of females with 51.4%, the age group most affected was 56-67 (32.9%). 33.3% of the patients presented as a risk factor suffering from arterial hypertension, the predominant symptom was chest pain with 75.7%, the ischemic lesion was more frequent in the lower face of the heart (41.4%) and 50% of the infarcted women were more than 7 days.
Conclusions: Acute myocardial infarction is a frequent disease in people of advanced ages where arterial hypertension is identified as the main risk factor, manifesting a series of symptoms where precordial pain stands out, as well as the lesion on the lower face present in people of both sexes.
Downloads
References
1. Porto Soares G. Análise das Estratégias de Revascularização em Doentes com Infarte Agudo do Miocárdio em Choque Cardiogênico - Resultados do Registro Português de Síndromes Coronárias Agudas. Arq Bra Card [Internet]. 2021 [citado 12 Jun 2021];116(5):877-78. Disponible en: https://www.scielo.br/j/abc/a/pxngrdsfddXf8fCdLB6ts5v/?lang=pt&format=pdf
2. García Zamora S, Rosende A. Fibrinólisis en el infarto agudo de miocardio, ¿una reivindicación histórica? Arch Cardiol Méx [Internet]. 2021 [citado 12 Jun 2021];91(2):258-60. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8295872/pdf/ACM-91-258.pdf
3. Gopar Nieto R, Araiza Garaygordobil D, Raymundo Martínez GI, Martínez Amezcua P, Cabello López A, Manzur Sandoval D, et al. Demographic description and outcomes of a metropolitan network for myocardial infarction treatment. Arch Cardiol Méx [Internet]. 2021 [citado 12 Jun 2021];91(2):167-77. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/33471783/
4. Rosales García J, Lemes Sánchez Y, Tejeda Gorina S, Rosales Rosales D, Quesada Castillo Y. Comportamiento de la cardiopatía isquémica en una unidad de cuidados intensivos. Rev cuba anestesiol reanim [Internet]. 2021 [citado 12 Jun 2021];20(1):[aprox. 7 p.]. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/scar/v20n1/1726-6718-scar-20-01-e672.pdf
5. Viana T, Baptista Guedes Bezerra ML, Morel Vieira de Melo R, Guedes Bezerra C, Pio Dourado G, Salles Figueiredo C, et al. Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio com Trombose Coronáriae mum Paciente com Covid-19 sem Fatores de Risco para Doença Cardiovascular. Ar Bras Cardiol [Internet]. 2021 [citado 12 Jun 2021];116(3):511-25. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8159547/pdf/0066-782X-abc-116-03-0511.pdf
6. Gómez Fröde CX, Díaz Echevarría A, Moctezuma Lizbeth L, Maldonado Aparicio J, Paredes Francisco VR, Vázquez Ortiz L. Infarto agudo de miocardio como causa de muerte. Análisis crítico de casos clínicos. Rev Fac Med UNAM [Internet]. 2021 [citado 12 Jun 2021];64(1):49-59. Disponible en: https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/facmed/un-2021/un211h.pdf
7. Cartaya Ortiz E, Prado de la Torre LM del. Factores de riesgo de trastornos coronarios en pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica incluidos en un programa de rehabilitación cardiovascular. MEDISAN [Internet]. 2021 [citado 12 Jun 2021];25(1):111-22. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/san/v25n1/1029-3019-san-25-01-111.pdf
8. Liu Y, Gao Y, Liu H, Chen Q, Ji J, Jia K. Efeitos Terapêuticos da Tripla Antiagregação Plaquetária em Pacientes Femininas Idosas com Diabetes e Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio. Ar Bras Cardiol [Internet]. 2021 [citado 12 Jun 2021];116(2):229-35. Disponible en: https://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-116-02-0229/0066-782X-abc-116-02-0229.x44344.pdf
9. Cuba. Ministerio de Salud Pública. Anuario Estadístico de Salud 2020. [Internet] La Habana: Dirección de Registros Médicos y Estadísticas de Salud; 2021 [citado 12 Jun 2021]. Disponible en: https://files.sld.cu/bvscuba/files/2021/08/Anuario-Estadistico-Espa%c3%b1ol-2020-Definitivo.pdf
10. Paolillo Cabrera E, Torres F, Machado F, Scasso A, Alvarado A, Genta G, et al. Impacto del control de tabaco en los costos asistenciales del infarto agudo de miocardio en Uruguay: costos en base a Grupos Relacionados por el Diagnóstico. Cad Saúde Pública [Internet] 2021 [citado 12 Jun 2021];37(1):1-12. Disponible en: https://www.scielo.br/j/csp/a/WS3xbfR88psJzMMqCrfZB3x/?lang=es
11. Rodríguez C, Cuesta A. Prevalencia de síntomas depresivos en pacientes hospitalizados por síndrome coronario agudo y factores asociados. Rev Urug Cardiol [Internet]. 2020 [citado 12 Jun 2021];35(3):107-18. Disponible en: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=479764858009
12. Vázquez Arias L, Chávez González E, Rodríguez Madrazo MA. Variables electrocardiográficas asociadas a la aparición de eventos cardiovasculares adversos en el infarto agudo de miocardio sin elevación del segmento ST. Rev Cubana Invest Bioméd [Internet]. 2020 [citado 12 Jun 2021];39(4):[aprox. 15 p]. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/ibi/v39n4/1561-3011-ibi-39-04-e674.pdf
13. Cortés M, Duczynski MP, Busch G, Resi S, Ariznavarreta P, Borda M, et al. Evaluación del algoritmo de la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología de dolor torácico en pacientes con diabetes mellitus. Rev Argent Cardiol [Internet]. 2020 [citado 12 Jun 2021];88(6):502-8. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.ar/pdf/rac/v88n6/1850-3748-rac-88-06-502.pdf
14. Castro Martins Ferreira ML de, Nogueira MC, Sá Carvalho M, Bustamante Teixeira MT. Mortalidade por Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio no Brasil de 1996 a 2016: 21 Anos de Contrastes nas Regiões Brasileiras. Arq Bras Cardiol [Internet]. 2020 [citado 12 Jun 2021];115(5):849-859. Disponible en: https://www.scielo.br/j/abc/a/NDqZmKFPN798DtVbVw3HXVR/?lang=pt
15. González F, Arteaga MI, Jofré ML, Valdebenito M, Pardo J. Importancia del electrocardiograma en el diagnóstico del infarto agudo al miocardio por obstrucción del tronco común de arteria coronaria izquierda. Rev Méd Chile [Internet]. 2020 [citado 12 Jun 2021];148(10):1508-12. Disponible en: https://scielo.conicyt.cl/pdf/rmc/v148n10/0717-6163-rmc-148-10-1508.pdf
16. Díaz Navarro R, Silva González D, Henríquez Roldán C. Valor de la resonancia magnética cardíaca para el diagnóstico diferencial en pacientes con sospecha de infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST y arterias coronarias normales. Rev Méd Chile [Internet]. 2020 [citado 12 Jun 2021];148(10):1406-17. Disponible en: https://scielo.conicyt.cl/pdf/rmc/v148n10/0717-6163-rmc-148-10-1406.pdf
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who have publications with this journal agree to the following terms: authors retain their copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication of their work, which is simultaneously subject to the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License that allows third parties to share the work as long as the author and first publication in this journal are indicated, for non-commercial use. Authors may adopt other non-exclusive license agreements for distribution of the published version of the work (e.g., depositing it in an institutional telematic archive or publishing it in a monographic volume) as long as the initial publication in this journal is indicated. Authors are allowed and encouraged to disseminate their work via the Internet (e.g., in institutional telematic archives, in their web page or in Pre-print servers) before and during the submission process, which can lead to interesting exchanges and increase citations of the published work. (See The Open Access Effect).